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Mich
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I
KO
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Wo
,fga
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Fritzsch
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WILEY-
VCH
WILEY-VCH Verlag
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Department of Physics
Technical University of llmenau
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2004 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH
&
Co. KGaA,
Weinheim
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Printed in the Federal Republic of Germany
Composition
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Partner GmbH,
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Printing
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Bookbinding
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Co. KG, Griinstadt
ISBN
3-527-30750-8
I"
Contents
1
1.1
1.1.1
1.1.2
1.1.3
1.1.4
1.2
1.3
1.4
introduction
1
The Way into the Nanoworld
I
From Micro- to Nanotechniques
1
Definition of Nanostructures
2
Insight into the Nanoworld
3
Intervention into the Nanoworld
4
Building Blocks
of
Nanotechnology
4
Interactions and Topology
7
The Microscopic Environment of the Nanoworld
9
Molecular Basics
13
Particles and Bonds
13
Chemical Bonds in Nanotechnology
2
2.1
2.1.1
2.1.2
2.1.3
2.1.4
2.1.5
2.1.6
2.1.7
2.1.8
2.1.9
22
2.2.1
2.2.2
2.2.3
2.2.4
2.2.5
13
Van der Waals Interactions
14
Dipole-Dipole Interactions
14
Ionic
Interactions
16
Metal Bonds
IG
Covalent Bonds
17
Coordinative Bonds
19
Hydrogen Bridge Bonds
20
Polyvalent Bonds
20
Chemical Structure
23
Binding Topologies
23
Building Blocks
of
Covalent Architecture
Units for a Coordinated Architecture
27
Building Blocks for Weakly Bound Aggregates
Assembly of Complex Structures through the Internal Hierarchy
of Binding Strengths
28
Reaction Probability and Reaction Equilibrium
24
28
2.2.6
30
3
3.1
3.2
Microtechnological Foundations
33
Planar Technology
33
Preparation of Thin Layers
37
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